Formation of blocks or the like suitable for road or other purposes.



FORMATION OF BLOCKS OR THE J- S.'KRUSE.

LIKE SUITABLE FOR ROAD OR OTHER PURPOSES. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1912.

QUAKE INGH ENS PER s Q 7 m 0 TONS PER SQUARE INCH IO [2 I4 @h-cewmas lass 01v 4 How? TEST:

- O Q, 8 IO 12 14 1862? 2 7206 PH? SQUARE l N CH (NAM/vs) 157287725," 5 mY2nJJf71u6e C E/mm 6 g Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

I Fig. 2.

rat g 1 was D a rti ts i was w gs (TQHANN SECUNIDUS 0F KENSINGTQN, LUNDON, ENGLAND.

FOBIMATIGN 0F BLOCKS OR THE HIKE SUITABLE FOR EQAI! OR- OTHER FUEPGSES.

Specification of Letters Patent:

Patented so.

Application filed March :28, 1912 Serial No. 686,?25.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Jorrann Shannon's Knusn, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at d8- Elm Park Gardens, Kensington, in the county of London, England, llEYNEB invented a certain new and useful Improvement in and Relat ing to the Formation of Blocks or the like Suitable for Road or other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to blocks or the like particularly suitable for use as road blocks, and has for its object to provide an improved road block containing bituminous matter which shall be comparatively cheap to manufacture and effective and lasting inwcar.

The invention consists in ablock or the like for use on roads or for other purposes, for instance crushed as a substitute for macadam and herein referred to as a road block 0t the kind formed from abituminous body, a body containing sulfur andany desired filling, heated to a suitable temper ture of for example 250 F. which is sub jected to a pressure of about four tonssper square inch or oven The invention also consists in a road block formed of the following bodies in substantially the proportions given namely. clinker 781}% Lake Trinidad asphaltum 1911- sulfur 11 and mineral oil subjected to a suitable temperature for melting the asphaltum and sulfur, the composition being thoroughly mixed and subjected to high pressure, namely about live tons per square inch.

The invention also consists in the road block compositions herein described.

Referring to the accompanying diagrams, Figure l is a curve formed of the average of some experiments showing the relation between the tons per square inch to which the block is'subjected during manufacture and the tons per square inch which it will stand on crushing. Fig. 2 contains the results of experiments to testthe wear of blocks included in the present invention and shows the relation bet-ween the tone per square inch pressure to which they were subjected in making and the percentage loss after a four hour test.

As the result of a large number of experiments which I have carried out I find that the best block, that is to say the one which has the highest resistance to crush ing consistent with good Wear and with reasonable cost of production is formed. of clinker, Lake Trinidad asphalturn, lowers of sulfur and heavy liineral oil. Convert lent quantities for a small test block are Clinker i 256 grams 78.2% Lake Trinidad esphah turn or 159E3 Sulfur--- 5 1.5% lfineral oil 2 0,595

The clinker I have employed is crusher. and sltted through a sieve having twenty two meshes to the inch. 1 find it convenient to raise the temperature of the clinker, as-

phaltum. and oil to such value as to enable proper mixing to be obtained; for instance up to 380 F. after which the sulfur can be stirred into the incorporated mass and then mixed therewith for about a minute. The mixture is next removed to a press carefully heated and then subjected to a high pressure for instance 4 to 5 tons per square inch, atter'which it can immediately be taken from the :press and the block thus formed allowed to cool.

In Fig. l the average result of certain periments is shown. The blocks used in these experiments were compounded accord ing to the formula just given and after they had stood for a day or so they were subjected to a crushing test. It will be seen that increasing the pressures used in the manufacture of the blocks up till about 4 tons per square inch. enables blocks of correspondingly increased strength to be obtained. After this with a pressure say up ,till about 6 tons per square inch a slight increase is found but this is not so marked whereas after this figure increase of pressure during making produces substantially no gain of strength. It will thus be understood that the use of high pressures of the order of 4-6 tons per squareinch during manufacture is useful and efficientparticularly compared with blocks produced under lower pressure or no pressure at all. Further, although the prcssur may be increased above this Value there is no corresponding gain in efi'iciency. I also find as the resultof experiments that the resistance of a block to crushing is Very akin to its resistance to wear and tear. I hate subjected a number of blocks to a test comprising the frictional contact of the blocks with flint stones in a rotating rumble and have found that after a run of'some hours the percentage loss in weidht of the hieeks erme uni &

SUITES 1S V353 mum as the flushing test, but being very Dike. smeiier efi'er this point had been The result 01 an xperiment on few: hem test is shown in Fig. 2 it Wiii. that the bend ef the curve eceurs s" stantieliy same piece the hem 6f the curve in Fig. i. 7

It will undersieeci shat the u carrying "the inventien irzie s cemposiz-iens referred shove by 0f example eziiy fieii es desires; 1:01 mete hi'mmen 01' hituminem rock which cent-aims hits-hairless I remainder being cezmteci filhh thee, eii ough small queen-5353 0112 see as a heavy mineral eii may he i may be emi izeei if cesired. tieularly useful Wifih bitumineus reeh cause there is usueiiy oil sf SOIDQ ki. en; in bitumen that has heen refineei, the quantity. of eii added should net ally exceed 3% by Weight of the whole block, she actual ameunt depending en the nature of the bitumen, that is whs' zhei" it s fluid, se t or the reverse.

As regarcis "the PK'C'pOXfiQQS of materials rferrei to in the above e mpies these 11 -37 he vsrieci but 1 find that rcediy speaking the proportion of sulfur the cerresponciing amount of other veieenising ageni; sheuld not be greater 511211153079 3 men and not less than about 5%. values less than this the hiock ordinal "toe soft and with higher values he-cer brittle although when tuminous matter and regard to the amount in blocks a i' the kind h once is 'Jigs, l and A may he e ed 10-20% of he amen I cut. serieusiy efieci'ing the emsii i of the eon'ipleted sleek either fie improve-- ment or detriment. As :0 the proper ion 6% bituminous matter which can he useci I prefer to employ abet 2042-5 0f the total mass but ore or less may he used.

find k 1 with the formula coneinieg clinker and esphaieum reducing the amount of asphaltuni is es grams causes the resistance to crushing to be IBfilluG-d 50 while increasing the quantity is SC JO gram does not give proportions-5e increase in strength.

It will he understood that e flint filling or ether fillings may be empleyeci such as sand, slag, clinker, slate, stone or the iii: fer example and it is generally prefeyebie to use erasing Wit 1 sent-aimin "erticies of 1 :3 Jr

body cen ieini in e body tmmnous :3-05 c2 aeeut .00 i

3 1 ending a Si e is suhjeciedie pressure mg proper 0 7970%, which is highl q k Lhee the esequen'ziy sehg eeiing the :3 1 .L E Ji seem, m tens per I 4- I 4. 4' square inch, as Mini/1L 0 eeture 01: read I: meets-ems- 'h e W: me-

she prepoifiziens speciespheitum 19537;

and. en seto press-Lise inch; as set which consists in heating;

2. filling material to e-lieetini mixture 'thereoi misc heev and meorpomtmg the 1' W ich the mixture -0': about four tone 'I e .1. '1 v -s see iortn.

h 7 00K and. i

118 "like formed by e,

s veenizing body and a 1n sehstentieli the fellows viz:hitum1n0us matter materiel 15% filling y eempresseci; said mixleast sheet four tons block being capable of resisting a crushing weight in a four hour wearing test, substan- 10 stress of a ut two tons to the square inch, substantially as described.

6. A road block and the like formed from a bituminous body, a body containing sulfur and a suitable filling material which is highly compressed, the proportion of sulfur being between 5 and 20% of bitumen; said block losing less than shout 10% by tially as described.

In testimon whereof, I afiix my signature in presence 0 two witnesses.

J OHANN SECUNDUS KRUSE.

Witnesses:

PERCY RAYNER SMITH, P. R. OUTHWARTE. 

